Which type of stretching is considered potentially harmful?

Ballistic stretching is considered potentially harmful primarily because it involves bouncing movements in order to push the body beyond its normal range of motion. This type of stretching can place excessive force on the muscles, tendons, and ligaments, increasing the risk of strains or injuries. The rapid, explosive movements associated with ballistic stretching may lead to overstretching and can trigger a muscle contraction response known as the stretch reflex, which can further exacerbate injury risk.

In contrast, static stretching, PNF (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) stretching, and dynamic stretching each involve controlled movements that are generally safer when performed correctly. Static stretching focuses on holding a stretch at the end of the range of motion, PNF combines stretching and contracting of muscles to improve flexibility, and dynamic stretching entails controlled movements that prepare the body for activity without the risk of excessive bouncing. These other stretching methods, when done appropriately, typically do not have the same level of risk as ballistic stretching.